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Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction to Agent-Based Modeling and Its Application to Policy Decision-Making -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Models for Analyzing Urban Spatial Strategic Plans -- 1.2.1 Models for Analyzing Urban Policies -- 1.2.2 MAS and CCA for Urban Modeling -- 1.2.3 Conclusion for Literature Review -- 1.3 What Is Agent-Based Models -- 1.3.1 The Definition of ABMs -- 1.3.2 How to Build a ABM -- 1.3.2.1 The Agents -- 1.3.2.2 The Environment -- 1.3.2.3 Agent's Decision Rule -- 1.3.2.4 Agents' Interaction -- 1.4 Agent-Based Models for Decision Support of Urban Planning Policies -- 1.4.1 ABMs for Individual-Based Behavior Research -- 1.4.2 ABMs for Policy Decision-Making -- 1.5 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 2: The Environment for Accommodating Agents and Representing Urban Planning Conditions -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Hypothetical Urban Space for Accommodating Urban Planning Conditions -- 2.2.1 An Environment for Representing Planning Urban Form -- 2.2.2 An Environment for Representing the Urban Planning Condition -- 2.3 Distributing Agents on the Environment and its Validation -- 2.3.1 Factors Affecting Spatial Distribution -- 2.3.2 Land Use Zoning Constraints -- 2.3.3 Housing Suitability of Each Cell -- 2.4 How HDF Works in an ABM -- 2.5 Validation of HDF for Urban Planning Conditions -- 2.5.1 The Variogram Model Using for Validation of HDF -- 2.5.2 Sub-area Radiuses Using as Validation Parameters -- 2.5.3 Using the Variogram for Validation -- 2.6 Discussions -- References -- Chapter 3: Simulation of Urban Growth and Household Aggregation for Planning Support of Local Spatial Strategic Plan -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 CCA Model for Representing Multi-driving Forces in Urban Spatial Dynamic Simulation -- 3.2.1 Combined System for Decision-Making Support of Local Spatial Strategic Plan.

This book introduces planning support systems by combining policy decision-making process with the mechanism of urban spatial or functional development regarding to the planning policies on strategic level. By analyzing policy interactions between household agents, the book concentrates on visualizing and forecasting macro phenomenon of policy effects through revealing the discrete, micro human behaviors around the urban functions of dwelling, recreation, working, and transportation. Simulations are created based on these policy outcome assessments, taking into account the influences of energy and resource consumption and CO2 emission on sustainable development in urban environments. The book is geared towards researchers, universities, and urban policy makers. The book begins by presenting a framework of urban growth simulation, and introducing Spatial Strategic Planning Support System (SSP-SS). Then, household lifecycle and relocation models are employed for simulating policy impacts on urbanization, and investigating the impacts of spatial strategic planning. Several projects are assessed using agent-based modeling including shopping centre construction, day-care service for aging populations, and developing of "bus city" for reducing transportation CO2 emission. The final chapter identifies the key planning factors that play effective roles on reducing carbon emission in urban master plan by simulating the carbon emission volume in urban area.

Due to the development of the times and the rapid pace of life in the modern society, the living standards has become higher and higher, and various types of self-driving travel have begun to increase. However, at present, most rural areas do not have good infrastructures, tourist introduction platforms and tour guide services for tourism, and there is no effective guidance service for the rural complex traffic environment, so these problems restrict the development of rural tourism. In view of these problems, in this paper, the rural tourism information service system based on SOA technology framework was designed and developed to provide tourists with convenient services and to attract more tourists.

Due to the development of the times and the rapid pace of life in the modern society, the living standards has become higher and higher, and various types of self-driving travel have begun to increase. However, at present, most rural areas do not have good infrastructures, tourist introduction platforms and tour guide services for tourism, and there is no effective guidance service for the rural complex traffic environment, so these problems restrict the development of rural tourism. In view of these problems, in this paper, the rural tourism information service system based on SOA technology framework was designed and developed to provide tourists with convenient services and to attract more tourists.

"Steedman's Critique" refers to a challenge to Marx's theory of value, proposed by British economist Ian Steedman, based on the "negative value" that could arise in the case of joint production. International academia has engaged in heated discussions on this critique, which has been criticized from different perspectives. However, these efforts have not fundamentally solved the problem. In our opinion, there is no valid contribution in the logic of Steedman's "negative value" theory, but the concept of "negative value" itself is of great significance from the perspective of theoretical economics, and it also provides an important theoretical support for the development of resource and environmental economics.

With Chinese opening and reform policy, more and more foreigners come to China for sightseeing. With the rapid growth of Chinese tourism industry, a further study in translation of English for tourism is a must, since, now, there exist some problems in translation of English for tourism. This thesis, guided by the Skopostheorie of translation and with the author's analysis of two English versions of Mt. Lushan, is a tentative endeavor to find some way to solve the existing problems in translation of English for tourism. Key words: The Skopos theory; Tourist material translation; Translation of Mt. LushanResumé: Avec l'ouverture chinoise et la réforme de la politique , il y a plus en plus des étrangers qui viennent voyager en Chine. Avec la croissance rapide du secteur touristique de la Chine, une nouvelle étude dans la traduction d'anglais pour le tourisme devienne une nécessité , car , maintenant, il existe des problèmes de la traduction d'anglais pour le tourisme. Cette thèse, guidée par la traduction de Skopostheorie et avec l'analyse de l'auteur de deux versions anglaises de Mt. Lushan, essaient de trouver des façons afin de résoudre des problèmes existants de la traduction d'anglais pour le tourisme.Mots-clés: La théorie Skopos; Traduction matérielle (substantielle) touristique; Traduction de Mt. Lushan

The social performance (SP) of a firm is associated with many positive organizational outcomes. Nonetheless, little is known about the effect of the SP of a multinational enterprise (MNE) on the likelihood of cross-border acquisition completion (CBAC). Investigating the link between MNEs' SP and the likelihood of CBAC is important because it will increase our understanding of how stakeholders reward MNEs with better reputations. Drawing on the signaling and reputation for SP literature, we explore how acquisition complexity, reputational risk, and firm visibility influence CBAC. Based on a sample of 578 cross-border deals undertaken by acquirers in the noncyclical consumer industry (NCCI), our results support a positive relationship between MNEs' SP and the likelihood of CBAC and strengthening moderating effects of acquirer size and public targets. JEL CLASSIFICATIONS: G34, M16

AbstractWe analyse the competitive equilibrium and socially optimal allocation of production fragments in a two‐country model where there is learning by doing with spillovers between fragments in the home country. We distinguish between forward and backward knowledge linkages, where learning results from producing products that are less (more) complex than the current knowledge frontier with forward (backward) linkages. We compare the pattern of comparative advantage in the competitive and socially optimal cases, and compare the intensive and extensive margins of fragments produced at home in the two cases. We establish a sufficient condition for the range of fragments produced at home to be non‐decreasing with forward linkages. We also show that with backward linkages, the home country will produce some fragments in the neighbourhood of the steady state that are more complex than those produced in the steady state.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to define the Internet as a virtual space supported by technologies and presented in the form of socioeconomic relations from the perspective of political economy. The Internet space is a unique virtual commodity different from ordinary commodities and has the following effect characteristics: super replicability, space- and time-transcendence, open-source shareability and reality–virtuality transformation.Design/methodology/approachInternet space can also be imagined as a piece of virtual land. Internet space can be deemed as a piece of virtual land and its value can be divided into labor value and virtual value. The pricing model of virtual value is mainly determined by the gain and discount rate and this value comes from the transfer and markup of social value. In the context of the Internet Plus era, Internet space has become an essential economic factor that influences human economic activities.FindingsTherefore, it is of practical significance and theoretical value to introduce Internet space as an economic variable into the framework of economic theory. The realistic logic of Internet space is to influence human economic behaviors with the combination of information binding.Originality/valueThe theoretical mechanism is to have an impact on the micro-market price by changing market relations from two-dimensional to three-dimensional. Its path to functioning at the macro level is to influence economic behaviors by changing the expectations of investment and consumption, resulting in new economic trends.